DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS & PARTS OF IMPLANTS.

 IN THE IMPALNT BODY:-

1.crest module:- the crest module of an implant is that portion designed to retain the prosthetic component.

It represents the transition zone from implant body design to transosteal region of the implant at the crest of the ridge.

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Implant collar:-

Designs that incorporate a microscopic component into the implant bodies by coatings with hydroxyapatite, at the superior aspect of the crest module.

 

The collar allows functional remodeling to occur to a more consistent region on implant.

 

It suggests that crestal modeling is limited to the smooth region of the implant.

COVER SCREW:-

At the time of insertion of the implant body or stage 1 surgery, a first stage cover is placed into the top of implant to prevent bone, soft tissue, or debris from invading the abutment connection area during healing.

 

 

 

                        

 

 

 

Abutment :- is the portion of the implant that supports and\or retains a prosthesis or implant super structure.

Three categories of implant abutments are available.1.screw retained

             2.cement retained

             3.abutment for attachment uses an attachment device to retain a removable prosthesis.   

 

 

HYGIENE COVER SCREW:-place over the abutment to prevent debris and calculus from invading the internal portion of abutment during prosthesis fabrication.

 

 

 

 

TRANSFER COPING:-transfer coping is used to position an analog in an impression and defined by the portion of implant it transfers to the master cast, either the implant body transfer coping or the abutment transfer coping.

 

 

                                               

 

HEALING SCREW:-

 

After a prescribed healing period sufficient to allow a supporting interface to develop, the second stage may be performed to expose the implant and\or attach a transepithelial portion.

This Tranepithelial portion is termed a permucosal extension because it extends the implant above the soft tissue and results in development of permucosal seal around the implant.

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                                        

 

 

 

 

 

 

IMPLANT ANALOG:-used in the fabrication of the master cast to replicate the retentive portion of the implant body or abutment.

 

After the master impression is obtained, the corresponding analog is attached to the transfer coping and assembly poured in the die stone

 

 

                                                       

 

                                                     

PROSTHETIC COPING:-

 

Usually designed to fit the implant abutment for screw retention and serve as connection between the implant and prosthesis.

                               

 

                                    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                          

 

 

                            

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS:-

The macroscopic body design can be cylinder, threaded, plateaued, perforated, solid, hollow and vented.

 

Their surface can be smooth, coated, non coated, or textured.

 

They are available in submergible or non submergible forms.

 

 

 

There are three primary basic designs of the implant.

1.CYLINDER- this form of implants depend on the coating to provide microscopic retention and/or bonding to bone and are usually pushed or tapped into the bone.

 

 2.SCREW- This form of implants are Threaded into a bone site and have a microscopic retentive elements for initial bone fixation.

 

Three basic screw thread geometries are available:-

A) V- thread.

B) Buttress thread.

C)Square thread design.

 

 

3.combination of root forms are available:-cylinder and screw- this root form design may also benefit from microscopic retention to bone by addition of coatings.

 

 

                                               

 

 

 

 

Different smaller or larger implant diameters for use in limited anatomic situations or surgical complications.

 

The functional area of threaded implant is greater cylinder implant by a minimum of 30% and may exceed 500%, depending on the thread geometry.

 

The cylinder implant design system offer the advantage of ease placement, even in difficult access locations.

 

Cylinder implants are essentially smooth sided and bullet shaped implants that require a bio active or increased surface area coatings for retention in the bone.

 

Smooth sided tapered implants allows for a component of compressive loads to deliver to the bone to implant interface.

 

The larger the taper the greater the compressive loads deliver to the implant interface.

 

But unfortunately the taper cannot be more than 30 degrees